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Sweat the Small Stuff
Posted by Philip Higgs on February 15, 2007 - 5:50am.

Last week, the bedazzled avatar of Lime reader Vicki R asked if her cold house would be better served by a new heating system or better insulation. Good question. In an older house like mine (and like Vicki’s, I imagine), small improvements to the building’s envelope – the walls, windows, floors and ceilings protecting you from the outside world – can go a long way. Adding insulation to your basement and attic can save a couple thousand pounds of CO2 emissions every year – and a few bucks on your heating bill.

Whenever I talk to the local energy nerds here in Boulder, one point they’re always hammering is how installing the high-dollar stuff – solar panels, geoexchange systems – should be the last step in creating an energy efficient house. At least in terms of remodels, which is where I’m living these days.

But people like those big-ticket items, the energy nerds say, because they're sexy. Yet digging an $18,000 hole to help heat your house doesn’t make sense when your attic is poorly insulated, or when the windows leak, or when – as is the case with my house – there's a literal hole in the wall. Off the west end of our living room is a small sort of sunroom, in which the previous owner, Paul, liked to hang plants. Fearing that the plants would get too hot in a south-facing sunroom in super sunny Boulder, he cut a hole in the wall and installed a fan. Only there's no cover for the fan, so in the summer we've got this nice intake of cool night air; in the winter we tape black plastic over it and wish for summer.



To drop $10,000 or $15,000 on a new heating system while energy is literally pouring out of our house – along with the money it costs to get that energy – would be, quite obviously, pretty foolish. If we owned a nice new home with tight windows and thick walls – or if we just had money to burn – it'd be a different story. But with the old creaker we've got, it's patch the walls first, solar panels (or geoexchange) much, much later. We installed a new boiler because we had to – our old one crapped out on us. (Technically, we were saving a great deal of money and natural resources with our dead boiler – but it would have been a cold winter.) So it was less a matter of calculated choice than of outright necessity. Frankly, I would have preferred a few contemplative months to explore some of those big-ticket options, but that's the way it goes.

As for the sunroom hole, I ended up gluing a 3-inch thick piece of Styrofoam-block insulation over it, at least until summer comes and I can afford to hire someone to fix it properly. An ugly solution, but when it’s 2-below outside, beauty holds no sway.



<em>Vicki_R</em>'s picture
Thanks
by Vicki_R on February 15, 2007 - 12:43pm
I appreciate an entire article addressing my question.  You have made me feel so important!  I did not know that I not only would  be saving on my heating bill but saving CO2 as well.  When I got a quote on insulating my attic when we moved  here 4 years ago, it was like $3,000-4,000.  At the time it seemed like an huge cost and one we could not afford.  But now, it might make sense to just go ahead and bite the bullet. By the way, how do you have time for a real job?  It sounds like your home takes up a lot of your time.
<em>phiggs</em>'s picture
no insulation?
by phiggs on February 15, 2007 - 2:19pm

Who said anything about a real job?

 Anytime you reduce your need for (coal-fired) electricity, natural gas or other natural resources, you'll also reduce CO2 emissions. More insulation means less work for your heating system means less fuel that system has to burn means fewer emissions. This Rocky Mountain Institute chart offers some estimates of what it will cost you to reduce your CO2 output in dollars per ton. For example, every $20 you spend on attic insulation means one fewer ton of CO2 spit into our atmosphere, at least according to the RMI. That makes adding attic insulation one of the "cheapest" ways of reducing carbon emissions.

How much insulation is currently in your attic? The answer's not zero, is it?


<em>Vicki_R</em>'s picture
there is some
by Vicki_R on February 15, 2007 - 4:18pm
I haven't looked in awhile.  I do know that I have some pink colored insulation, except I also have small creatures eating away at that insulation.  I notice that they like to chew on it and it has come undone from the beams. The company told me to replace it with insulation you blow in.  What are your thoughts on that?
<em>phiggs</em>'s picture
12 inches
by phiggs on February 16, 2007 - 12:59am

The US Dept of Energy recommends at least 7 inches of fiberglass -- that's the pink stuff -- but topping that up to 12 inches is definitely worthwhile. Take a ruler with you next time you check it out.

By blow-in insulation, they were probably referring to loose-fill cellulose, like this stuff, which is 80% recycled paper (the rest is fire- and insect-resistant chemicals). You can actually blow it in yourself -- places like Home Depot also rent the required blowers.

Something else you might look into is spray-in expandable foam insulation. It's more expensive than loose-fill and difficult -- but not impossible -- to install yourself, but its ability to seal air leaks is incomparable. You can use half as much material and get the same result as fiberglass.

Insulation is much on our minds at the moment, especially with the big winter we're having. I'd like to reinsulate our attic (or at least add to what's already there), plus the underinsulated crawlspace of our main house, plus we've got a separate structure (aka my office) that's totally uninsulated at the moment save for a few expanded polystyrene panels. But insulating can be a sizeable undertaking, so it'll likely be spring before we get there. By that time, though, I'll be a walking calculator of R-values and ROIs.

 


<em>Vicki_R</em>'s picture
heat out
by Vicki_R on February 16, 2007 - 9:10am
I think they were referring to the foam you speak about.  That sounds more familiar.  Is this all eco-friendly and how long will it last?  Does most heat go out the attic, like heat goes out of your head?  What about my wood beamed walls? The panels you are looking into for your home, they are totally new panels and you would have to rip out existing ones.  That seems the only choice.  I was thinking about putting up a headboard, I thought it might be a barrier between the outside wall and the bed.
<em>phiggs</em>'s picture
heat rises
by phiggs on February 16, 2007 - 3:19pm

Yep -- hot air wants to move upward, which means into your attic and out into the world. 

 I'm not sure I understand your question about the walls -- but heat will migrate through wood unless something (insulation or a radiant barrier) blocks it. 


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